When it comes to managing wastewater in areas without access to a municipal sewage system, septic systems play a vital role. These underground wastewater treatment systems are a common choice for residential and commercial properties in rural and suburban areas. In this article, we will delve into the various types of septic systems, examine their essential components, and shed light on the importance of a septic tank filter.
Types of Septic Systems:
Conventional Septic System:
- The conventional septic system is the most basic and widely used type. It consists of a septic tank and a drain field.
- Wastewater from the house flows into the septic tank, where solids settle to the bottom and undergo bacterial decomposition.
- The liquid effluent then moves to the drain field, where it is further treated by soil organisms.
Aerobic Treatment Unit or Alternative Treatment Technology (ATU or ATT):
- ATUs & ATTs are advanced septic systems that use oxygen or filters to facilitate the breakdown or filtration of organic matter.
- They are more efficient in treating wastewater and are often chosen when soil conditions are less favorable.
Mound Septic System:
- Mound systems are used when the soil’s natural filtration capabilities are limited.
- Wastewater is pumped onto an elevated mound of sand or gravel for treatment before it percolates into the ground.
- Mound systems are uncommon and generally not approvable in Oregon.
Pressure Distribution System:
- This system evenly distributes effluent throughout the drain field using a pump and a network of pipes.
- It is ideal for properties with uneven or restrictive soil conditions.
Parts of a Septic System:
A septic system consists of several key components:
Septic Tank:
- The septic tank is the primary treatment unit where solid waste settles and decomposes.
- It should be pumped regularly to remove accumulated sludge and scum.
Distribution Box:
- In systems with drain fields, a distribution box evenly distributes effluent to the trenches or pipes in the drain field.
Drain Field:
- The drain field, also known as the leach field, is where the treated effluent is released into the soil for final filtration.
- It consists of trenches filled with gravel or pipes with perforations.
Soil:
- The soil beneath the drain field plays a crucial role in the final treatment of wastewater.
- It acts as a natural filter, removing contaminants as effluent percolates through it.
Septic Tank Filter:
A septic tank filter is a component that is often overlooked but is essential for maintaining the proper functioning of some septic systems. Oftentimes, residential properties do not have a filter included on their tanks, but filters can sometimes be found when you have a pump or ATT system. This filter is installed in the outlet pipe of the septic tank and serves several purposes:
- Filtering Solids: The filter captures small solid particles and prevents them from entering the drain field, reducing the risk of clogs and damage.
- Protecting the Drain Field: By preventing solids from reaching the drain field, the filter prolongs the life and effectiveness of the entire septic system.
- Easy Maintenance: Regularly checking and cleaning the septic tank filter is a simple task that can help prevent costly repairs or replacements.
Conclusion:
Understanding the different types of septic systems and their key components is essential for homeowners and property owners who rely on septic systems for wastewater treatment. Proper care and regular inspections ensure that your septic system continues to function effectively, protecting both your property and the environment.
If you have questions about the components on your septic system or wish to schedule for maintenance, feel free to give our experienced technicians a call at (503)829-8458
